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The Four Brontes
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Overview
The Brontës were a nineteenth-century literary family, born in the village of Thornton and later associated with the village of Haworth in the West Riding of Yorkshire, England. The sisters, Charlotte (1816–1855), Emily (1818–1848) and Anne (1820–1849), are well-known poets and novelists. Like many contemporary female writers, they published their poems and novels under male pseudonyms: Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell. Their stories attracted attention for their passion and originality immediately following their publication. Charlotte's Jane Eyre was the first to know success, while Emily's Wuthering Heights, Anne's The Tenant of Wildfell Hall and other works were accepted as masterpieces of literature after their death. The first Brontë children to be born to rector Patrick Brontë and his wife Maria were Maria (1814–1825) and Elizabeth (1815–1825), who both died at young ages due to disease. Charlotte, Emily, and Anne were then born within a time period of approximately four years. These three sisters and their brother, Branwell (1817–1848), who had been born after Charlotte and before Emily, were very close to each other. As children, they developed their imaginations first through oral storytelling and play, set in an intricate imaginary world, and then through the collaborative writing of increasingly complex stories set in their fictional world. The deaths of their mother and two older sisters marked them and influenced their writing profoundly, as did their isolated upbringing. They were raised in a religious family. The Brontë birthplace in Thornton is a place of pilgrimage and their later home, the parsonage at Haworth in Yorkshire, now the Brontë Parsonage Museum, has hundreds of thousands of visitors each year.
© https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bront%C3%AB_family; retrieved 23 August 2023.
© https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bront%C3%AB_family; retrieved 23 August 2023.
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Recommended Media
Christine Alexander & Jane Sellars The Art of the Brontes
John Lock & W. T. Dixon A Man of Sorrow
Nick Holland Aunt Branwell
Juliet Barker The Brontes: Wild Genius on the MoorsLucasta Miller The Bronte MythCatherine Rayner The Brontë Sisters: Life, Loss and LiteratureLynne Reid Banks Dark Quartet (historical novel)Masterpiece DVD To Walk Invisible: The Bronte SistersClaire Harman Charlotte Brontë: A Fiery HeartClaire O’Callaghan Emily Bronte ReappraisedEdward Chitham A Life of Anne BronteDaphne du Maurier The Infernal World of Branwell Bronte
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Web Resources: Print
CHARLOTTE: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlotte_Bront%C3%ABCHARLOTTE: https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poets/charlotte-bronteCHARLOTTE: https://victorianweb.org/authors/bronte/cbronte/brontbio.htmlEMILY: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emily_Bront%C3%ABEMILY: https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poets/emily-bronteEMILY: https://www.thehistorypress.co.uk/articles/10-things-you-didn-t-know-about-emily-bront%C3%AB/ANNE: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_Bront%C3%ABANNE: https://www.theguardian.com/books/2017/jan/06/anne-bronte-agnes-grey-jane-eyre-charlotteANNE: https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poets/anne-bronteBRANWELL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Branwell_Bront%C3%ABBRANWELL: https://www.independent.co.uk/news/long_reads/branwell-bronte-emily-charlotte-anne-family-haworth-yorkshire-a7940396.htmlBRANWELL: https://www.bronte.org.uk/the-brontes-and-haworth/family-and-friends/branwell-bronteTHE INCEST MYTH: https://theconversation.com/how-incest-became-part-of-the-bronte-family-story-100059
Web Resources: Video
THE BRONTE SISTERS (Absolute History; 52 mins): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1c5SNVbuuNcTHE BRONTE SISTERS: The Tragic Lives Of The Literary Icons: Walking Through History (Absolute History; 47 mins): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qW7MpqXnz2cTHE BRONTE SISTERS: Women Ahead Of Their Time (Perspective; 46 mins): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8zYRMpLjiPUEMILY BRONTE (23 mins): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jJoOv49ZLlUBRANWELL BRONTE: The Shadow on the Wall (16 mins.): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BKMLPgvYkCY
Three Novels: Video
JANE EYRE (1943 film; 1 hr, 36 mins.): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U6ferjKtrr8WUTHERING HEIGHTS (1939 fil; 1 hr, 45 mins.): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3EAbYjIGNGwTHE TENANT OF WILDFELL HALL (1996 BBC series; Amazon Prime): https://www.amazon.com/gp/video/detail/amzn1.dv.gti.d0b151d4-a636-fa73-a017-65292027a91d?autoplay=0&ref_=atv_cf_strg_wborTHE TENANT OF WILDFELL HALL (1996 BBC series)Episode 1: https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x2anyfsEpisode 2: https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x2ao4ckEpisode 3: https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x2aogv3
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Seven Novels & Poetry: Print & Video
The Tenant of Wildfell Hall (Anne): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=njS8nFJwK5A
Wuthering Heights (Emily): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fyGNVUAJvpA
Jane Eyre (Charlotte): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DiDxUF173TY
The Professor (Charlotte): https://www.literaryladiesguide.com/literary-analyses/the-professor-by-charlotte-bronte-a-19th-century-analysis/Jane Eyre (Charlotte): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_EyreWHY JANE EYRE STILL MATTERS: https://readgreatliterature.com/why-does-jane-eyre-still-matter/IS JANE EYRE A YOUNG ADULT NOVEL? https://www.theguardian.com/childrens-books-site/2016/apr/19/why-jane-eyre-is-a-ya-novel-charlotte-bronteShirley (Charlotte): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shirley_(novel)Villette (Charlotte): https://www.thoughtco.com/villette-study-guide-4166436Wuthering Heights (Emily): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wuthering_HeightsWUTHERING HEIGHTS IS AN UNCOMFORTABLE BOOK: https://www.vox.com/culture/2018/7/30/17629978/emily-bronte-200-birthday-wuthering-heightsFAMOUS AUTHORS COMMENT ON WUTHERING HEIGHTS: https://lithub.com/wuthering-heights-is-a-virgins-story-and-other-opinions-of-brontes-classic/FIVE EMILY BRONTE POEMS: https://www.literaryladiesguide.com/classic-women-authors-poetry/no-coward-soul-is-mine-5-poems-by-emily-bronte/THE COMPLETE POETRY OF EMILY BRONTE: https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Complete_Poems_of_Emily_Bront%C3%ABA DOZEN EMILY BRONTE POEMS: http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/english/melani/novel_19c/wuthering/poetry.htmlAgnes Grey (Anne): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agnes_GreyThe Tenant of Wildfell Hall (Anne): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Tenant_of_Wildfell_HallTHE BRONTE SISTERS AS FEMINISITS: https://www.vox.com/culture/2017/4/20/15128698/bronte-sisters-charlotte-emily-anne-branwell-to-walk-invisible-moors
Additional Resources
ARTWORK
BRANWELL: https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait/mw00797/The-Bront-Sisters-Anne-Bront-Emily-Bront-Charlotte-BrontCHARLOTTE: https://www.peterharrington.co.uk/blog/painting-by-words-the-original-drawings-of-charlotte-bronte/CHARLOTTE: https://www.theparisreview.org/blog/2016/12/05/hidden-works/ANNE: https://www.annebronte.org/2018/08/05/the-five-faces-of-anne-bronte/EMILY: https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/nero-body-of-a-merlin-by-emily-bronteART OF THE FOUR BRONTES: https://www.amazon.com/Art-Bront%C3%ABs-Christine-Alexander/dp/0521432480/ref=sr_1_1?
IMAGINARY WORLDS
Glass Town, their original fictional land, was invented by the four together, though Branwell and Charlotte Brontë were the dominant players. After 1831, Charlotte and Branwell branched out into Angria, an extension of Glass Town, while Emily and Anne invented their own private world of Gondal.
TALES OF GLASSTOWN: https://www.amazon.com/Tales-Glass-Town-Angria-Gondal/dp/0192827634/ref=sr_1_1?GONDAL’S QUEEN: https://www.amazon.com/Gondals-Queen-Emily-Jane-Bront%C3%AB/dp/0292727119/ref=sr_1_2?
POETRY
POETRY ANTHOLOGY: https://www.amazon.com/Poems-Bront%C3%AB-Sisters-Thrift-Editions/dp/048629529X/ref=sr_1_1?EMILY BRONTE: https://www.amazon.com/Complete-Poems-Penguin-Classics/dp/0140423524/ref=sr_1_4?ANNE BRONTE: https://www.amazon.com/Complete-Poems-Anne-Bronte/dp/1420943960/ref=sr_1_13?CHARLOTTE: https://www.amazon.com/Poems-Charlotte-Bronte-Classic-Collection/dp/B07Y4LNM34/ref=sr_1_10?
BRANWELL: https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait/mw00797/The-Bront-Sisters-Anne-Bront-Emily-Bront-Charlotte-BrontCHARLOTTE: https://www.peterharrington.co.uk/blog/painting-by-words-the-original-drawings-of-charlotte-bronte/CHARLOTTE: https://www.theparisreview.org/blog/2016/12/05/hidden-works/ANNE: https://www.annebronte.org/2018/08/05/the-five-faces-of-anne-bronte/EMILY: https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/nero-body-of-a-merlin-by-emily-bronteART OF THE FOUR BRONTES: https://www.amazon.com/Art-Bront%C3%ABs-Christine-Alexander/dp/0521432480/ref=sr_1_1?
IMAGINARY WORLDS
Glass Town, their original fictional land, was invented by the four together, though Branwell and Charlotte Brontë were the dominant players. After 1831, Charlotte and Branwell branched out into Angria, an extension of Glass Town, while Emily and Anne invented their own private world of Gondal.
TALES OF GLASSTOWN: https://www.amazon.com/Tales-Glass-Town-Angria-Gondal/dp/0192827634/ref=sr_1_1?GONDAL’S QUEEN: https://www.amazon.com/Gondals-Queen-Emily-Jane-Bront%C3%AB/dp/0292727119/ref=sr_1_2?
POETRY
POETRY ANTHOLOGY: https://www.amazon.com/Poems-Bront%C3%AB-Sisters-Thrift-Editions/dp/048629529X/ref=sr_1_1?EMILY BRONTE: https://www.amazon.com/Complete-Poems-Penguin-Classics/dp/0140423524/ref=sr_1_4?ANNE BRONTE: https://www.amazon.com/Complete-Poems-Anne-Bronte/dp/1420943960/ref=sr_1_13?CHARLOTTE: https://www.amazon.com/Poems-Charlotte-Bronte-Classic-Collection/dp/B07Y4LNM34/ref=sr_1_10?